Steels (Download pdf version)

Steels

Steels

MICROFOND BRESCIANA SRL – Commonly used steels for Investment Casting

Chemical composition (%)

Mechanical properties after treatment

Features and applications

Suggested treatment

R

MPa

R (0,2%)

MPa

Hardness

Title

Wr n.

Italian designation

C

Si

Mn

Cr

Ni

Mo

P

S

Altri

Case Hardening

1.0402

1.1151

C20

C22E

0,18

0,24

0,55 max

0,40

0,80

0,035

max

0,035

max

Annealing

450

300

80 HRB

Reasonable mech. properties and good weldability. Low stressed components

Case Hardening

1.5714

16CrNi4

0,13 0,19

0,55 max

0,70 1,00

0,60 1,00

0,80 1,10

0,035

max

0,02

0,04

Quenching and annealing

1030

690

58-64 HRC

High strength and wear resistance, high surface hardness, good machinability (cemented) and heart toughness . Mechanical components subject to rolling and / or friction and excellent toughness: cams, pins, rollers, bearings

Case Hardening

18NiCrMo5

0,15 0,21

0,55 max

0,60 0,90

0,70

1,00

1,20 1,50

0,15 0,25

0,035

max

0,035

max

Case Hardening

1250

980

58-65 HRC

Heat treatable steel

1.1181

C35

0,32

0,39

0,55 max

0,50

0,80

0,40

max

0,40

max

0,10

max

0,035

max

0,02

0,04

Quenching and annealing

560-730

325-430

180-220 HRB

Good toughness and great machinability. Good weldability

Heat treatable steel

1.7218

25CrMo4

0,22

0,29

0,55 max

0,60 0,90

0,90 1,20

0,15 0,30

0,035

max

0,02

0,04

Quenching and annealing

890-1000

650-800

20-44 HRC

Excellent toughness. Mechanical components under fatigue. Motor industry and gun making. Good weldability of 25CrMo4

Heat treatable steel

1.7220

34CrMo4

0,30

0,37

0,55 max

0,60

0,90

0,90

1,20

0,15 0,30

0,035

max

0,02

0,04

Quenching and annealing

890-1100

690-890

23-49 HRC

Heat treatable steel

1.0511

1.1186

C40

C40E

0,37 0,44

0,55 max

0,50 0,80

0,035

max

0,035

max

Quenching and annealing

590-750

350-450

185-225 HRB

Higher mech. properties and hardness than C35 but lower toughness.

Heat treatable steel

1.7225

42CrMo4

40CrMo4

0,38 0,45

0,55 max

0,60 0,90

0,90 1,20

0,15 0,30

0,035

max

0,02

0,04

Quenching and annealing

880-1300

690-1060

27-57 HRC

Good performance. High stress components, both static and dynamic shafts, connecting rods, gears, pistons, gaskets. The 39NiCrMo3 requires less precautions in quenching

Heat treatable steel

1.6511

39NiCrMo3

38NiCrMo4

0,34 0,42

0,75 max

0,50 0,80

0,70 1,00

0,70 1,00

0,15 0,25

0,035

max

0,02

0,04

Quenching and annealing

1020

880

31 HRC

Nitriding steel

1.8515

30CrMo12

0,27 0,34

0,40 0,70

0,75 max

2,70 3,30

0,30 0,40

0,035

max

0,02

0,04

Quenching and annealing

1100

950

34 HRC

Components subject to high specific loads and under fatigue; better resistance to abrasive wear, adhesive and binding compared to quenched and tempered steels (treatment advisable)

Nitriding steel

1.8509

41CrAlMo7

0,38 0,45

0,50 0,70

0,40

0,80

1,50 1,80

0,20 0,35

Al 0,80

1,20

Quenching and annealing

1100

950

34 HRC

Spring steel

1.8159

50CrV4

0,47

0,55

0,50

max

0,70

1,10

0,90

1,20

0,25 0,40

0,035

max

0,035

max

V 0,10

0,25

Hardening

960-1390

830-1241

30-60 HRC

Components requiring a high elastic limit and fatigue strength without deformation

Sofmagnetic

1.0884

FeSi3

0.10

max

2,50 3,00

Annealing

≥ 500

≥ 300

120-160 HV1

High magnetic permeability steel

Austenitic stainless st.

1.4301

AISI 304 1

0,08

Max

1,00 max

2,00 max

17,0 19,5

8,00 10,5

0,045

max

0,03

max

Solubilisation

485-585

275-345

Excellent corrosion resistance (304 and 316). Good corrosion resistance at elevated temperatures (316): shipping, food, auto, chemical, petrochemical, pharmaceutical. These teels are not hardenable

Austenitic stainless st.

1.4401

AISI 316 1

0,08 max

1,00 max

2,00 max

16,5 18,5

10,0 13,0

2,00 2,50

0,045

max

0,03

max

Solubilisation

485-585

275-345

Heatproof stainless st.

1.4845

AISI 310

0,25 max

1,50 max

2,00 max

24,0 26,0

19,0 22,0

0,045

max

0,03

max

Solubilisation

415-515

205-275

High corrosion resistance at elevated temperatures

Precipitation hardening

1.4542

AISI 630

0,07 max

0,70 max

1,50 max

15,0 17,0

3,00

5,00

0,045

max

0,03

max

3,00≤Cu ≤5,00 5xC≤Nb ≤0,45

Solubilisation and hardening

1030-1310

960-1100

34-44 HRC

Combines excellent mechanical performance with good resistance to corrosion. Military and aerospace

Martensitic stainless st.

1.4057

AISI 431

0,12

0,22

1,00 max

1,50 max

15,0

17,0

1,50 2,50

0,045

max

0,03

max

Hardening

750-1100

515-720

20-40 HRC

Low corrosion resistance but excellent mechanical performance. Centrifugal pump shafts and bodies

Martensitic stainless st.

1.4021

AISI 420 A 2

0,16 0,25

1,00 max

1,50 max

12,0 14,0

0,045

max

0,03

max

Hardening

1390-1550

890-1440

30-52 HRC

Low corrosion resistance but excellent mechanical performance. Knives and blades

Martensitic stainless st.

1.4125

AISI 440 C 3

0.96

1,20

1 ,00 max

1,00 max

16,0

18,0

0,40 0,80

0,045

max

0,03

max

Hardening

750-950

550

40-55 HRC

Low corrosion resistance but excellent mechanical performance. Scissors, scalpels, injectors for engines

Ferritic stainless st.

1.4000

AISI 430

0,08 max

1,00 max

1,00 max

16,0 18,0

0,045

max

0,03

max

Annealing

430

250

195 HRB

Good atmospherical corrossion resistance and good wear resistance

Bearing steel

1.2067

100Cr6

0,92

1,13

0,12

0,38

0,21

0,49

1,35

1,65

0,03

max

0,03

max

Quenching and annealing

1220-1580

960-1240

30-60 HRC

Components subject to wear and abrasion, as well as tension and compression. Fifth wheels, bearings, rollers

Tool steel

1.2080

X210Cr12

1,90

2,20

0,10

0,40

0,15

0,45

11,0

13,0

0,03

max

0,03

max

Quenching and annealing

50-60 HRC

Cold work steel with good wear resistance, good resilient cutting and high hardness

1) Also avalable in AISI 304L e 316L versions (where “L” stands for low carbon: C<0,03%)
2) Also avalable in 420 B versions where carbont content is 0.26<C<0.35 and 420C version where carbon is between 0.36<C<0.42 and Chromium is 12.5-<Cr<14.5.
3) Also avalable in 440 B version (where 0.85<C<0.95 - 17<Cr<19 – 0.9<Ni<1.3 - 0.07<V<0.12) and 440A (where 0.65<C<0.85 - 14<Cr<16).

This table is just an indication; for further explanation or technical issues please contact our tech. dept.www.microfond.it

MICROFOND BRESCIANA SRL–Commonly used steels for MIM (Metal Injection Moulding)

Chemical composition (%)

Mechanical properties after treatment1

Features and applications

Suggested treatment

R

MPa

R (0,2%)

MPa

Hardness

Title

Wr n.

Italian designation

C

Si

Mn

Cr

Ni

Mo

P

S

Altri

Case Hardening

1.0301

C10

0,15≤

0,40max

0,30

0,66

0,045

max

0,045

max

Cementazione

450

(≥400)

300

(≥250)

700 HV1

Reasonable mech. properties and good weldability. Low stressed components

Case Hardening

1.6523

8620

(21NiCrMo2)

0,18 0,23

0,40 0,60

0,40 0,70

0,15 0,25

Cementazione, tempra e rinvenimento

1100

(≥650)

800

(≥400)

58 HRC

High strength and wear resistance, high surface hardness, good machinability (cemented) and heart toughness . Mechanical components subject to rolling and / or friction and excellent toughness: cams, pins, rollers, bearings

Case Hardening

FN02

0,1

1,90 2,20

Tempra e distensione o cementazione

550

(≥260)

400

(≥150)

Heat treatable steel

FN08

0,60

0,80

7,50 8,50

Tempra e rinvenimento

1350

(700)

1100

(400)

40 HRC

Good performance. High stress components, both static and dynamic shafts, connecting rods, gears, pistons, gaskets. The 42CrMo4 requires less precautions in quenching

Heat treatable steel

1.6565

4340

(40NiCrMo6)

0,35

0,45

0,60 0,90

0,90 1,40

1,40 1,70

0,20 0,30

0,035

max

0,02

0,04

Tempra e rinvenimento

850-1300

680-1240

20-55 HRC

Heat treatable steel

1.7225

42CrMo4

0,38 0,45

0,90 1,20

0,15 0,30

0,035

max

0,02

0,04

Tempra e rinvenimento

1450

(650)

1250

(400)

45 HRC

Soft Magnetic

1.0884

FeSi3

0.10

max

2,50 3,00

Ricottura

≥ 500

≥ 300

120-160 HV1

High magnetic permeability steel

Nichel Free Stainless steel

PANACEA

0,08

Max

1,00 max

2,00 max

17,0 19,5

8,00 10,5

0,045

max

0,03

max

Solubilizzato

1000

650

Stainless steel with low nickel content. Suitable for skin contact applications that require low release of nickel

Austenitic stainless st.

1.4404

AISI 316L

0,08 max

1,00 max

2,00 max

16,5 18,5

10,0 13,0

2,00 2,50

0,045

max

0,03

max

Solubilizzato

510

180

Excellent corrosion resistanceGood corrosion resistance at elevated temperatures (316): shipping, food, auto, chemical, petrochemical, pharmaceutical. These teels are not hardenable

Heatproof stainless st.

1.4841

AISI 310

0,20 0,50

1,30 max

1,50 max

24,0 26,0

19,0 22,0

0,045

max

0,03

max

1,20≤Nb ≤1,50

Solubilizzato

(750)

(400)

High corrosion resistance at elevated temperatures

Precipitation hardening

1.4542

AISI 630

0,07 max

1,00 max

1,00 max

15,0 17,5

3,00

5,00

0,045

max

0,03

max

3,00≤Cu ≤5,00 5xC≤Nb ≤0,45

Solubilizzato e indurito

1100

(950)

950

(550)

38 HRC

(20-32 HRC)

Combines excellent mechanical performance with good resistance to corrosion. Military and aerospace

Precipitation hardening

1.4021

AISI 420 A

0,18 0,30

1,00 max

1,00 max

12,0 14,0

0,045

max

0,03

max

Tempra e rinvenimento

1550

1300

48 HRC

Low corrosion resistance but excellent mechanical performance. Knives and blades

Martensitic stainless st.

1.4125

AISI 440 Nb

0.96

1,25

1 ,00 max

1,00 max

16,0

18,0

0,60 max

0,75 max

0,045

max

0,03

max

2,5≤ Nb ≤3,5

Tempra

750-950

550

60 HRC

Low corrosion resistance but excellent mechanical performance. Scissors, scalpels, injectors for engines

Ferritic stainless st.

1.4016

AISI 430

0,08 max

1,00 max

1,00 max

15,5 17,5

0,045

max

0,03

max

Ricottura

350

250

125 HV10

Good atmospherical corrossion resistance and good wear resistance

Bearing steel

1.3505

100Cr6

0,90 1,05

1,35 1,65

Tempra e distensione

1220-1580

960-1240

30-60 HRC

Components subject to wear and abrasion, as well as tension and compression. Fifth wheels, bearings, rollers

Tool steel

1.3342

AISI M2

0,95

1,05

3,80

4,50

4,50 5,50

5,50≤W ≤6,75 1,75≤ V ≤2,20

Tempra e rinvenimento

(≥ 1200)

(≥ 800)

50-60 HRC

Cold work steel with good wear resistance, good resilient cutting and high hardness

1) Figures in brackets refer to the mechanical properties (approximate) of the components as sintered, without any heat treatment

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